As humans are accidental dead-end hosts of Dirofilaria and not the natural hosts, in most of the cases it is thought that the infective larvae injected through mosquito bites perish before attaining maturity. As natural transmittance of dirofilariasis is through microfi-lariae, which any way does not occur in humans, dirofilariasis cannot be transmitted from person-to-person.
Human dirofilariasis typically manifests as either subcutaneous nodules or as lung parenchyma disease. Patients infected with D. repens notice a subcutaneous lump in the affected area which most commonly includes; face and conjunctiva of the eye and some-times chest wall, upper arms, thighs, abdominal wall and male genitalia. Ocular involvement is usually periorbital, orbital, subconjunc-tival, or subtenon infection.[8] Human D. immitis infection has been associated with the human pulmonary dirofilariasis and is usually asymptomatic. Those with symptoms have cough, chest pain, fever, and
