ABC Imagination Toni Basil The J. Geils Band Goombay Dance Band The Associates Billy Mackenzie and guitarist Alan Rankine met in Edinburgh, Scotland in 1976 and formed the cabaret duo the Ascorbic Ones,[3] although Rankine claimed that this was "a fantasy band that Bill and I dreamt up to give ourselves a past".[4] In 1978, they recorded songs as Mental Torture before changing the name to the Associates.
